It is a genetic disease that affects the muscles. It causes the muscles to weaken and become damaged over time. This causes the progressive loss of muscle tissue. Muscular dystrophy It usually begins in childhood and affects mobility. There are different types, but the most common is Duchenne muscular dystrophy. There is no cure, but some treatments can relieve symptoms.
What Are the Symptoms of Muscular Dystrophy?
Patients experience muscle weakness. This weakness usually starts in the muscles in the lower body and can progress to the upper body. Loss of muscle strength can lead to slow movements and coordination problems. There may be a loss of balance or a tendency to fall while walking. Some patients have difficulty walking and often need help. Muscle pain, cramps and spasms may occur. Muscle weakness can cause the spine to curve or hunchback.
Loss of muscle strength can also affect the respiratory muscles, causing difficulty breathing. Muscular dystrophy Sometimes it can also affect the heart muscle, which can lead to problems such as heart failure. Some patients may experience muscle stiffness and tension. These symptoms can vary depending on the type and severity of the disease. Therefore, it is important to see a doctor if you experience any symptoms.
What Causes Muscular Dystrophy?
It is usually a hereditary disease and causes muscle tissue to weaken and become damaged as a result of genetic mutations. Some diseases such as Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy types are seen as carriers in women and as diseases in men due to mutations occurring on the X chromosome. Since men only have one X chromosome, they are more prone to the disease. Due to some genetic disorders, it can affect not only the muscles but also the healthy functions of the brain and other cells.
For example, diseases such as myotonic dystrophy can affect the heart, eyes, and nervous system, as well as the muscles. Some types are inherited dominantly, while others are inherited recessively. This varies depending on the family's history of the disease and their genetic makeup. Muscular dystrophy Although it is a serious disease that needs to be treated, treatment methods often vary depending on the type of disease, its severity and the individual situation.
What are the Treatment Methods for Muscular Dystrophy?
Physical therapy is an important method for maintaining muscle strength and improving function. Exercise can help prevent muscle weakness. Corticosteroids (such as prednisolone) can increase muscle strength. They can slow the progression of the disease. These drugs are commonly used in some types of muscular dystrophy. Genetic treatment methods, muscular dystrophy It is being investigated as a promising area in the treatment of genetic diseases such as. Gene therapy is an effort to correct the cause of the disease, but it is not yet widely applicable.
As the disease progresses, problems such as joint deformities and muscle shortening occur. In this case, orthopedic surgical procedures can be performed to increase joint mobility or correct deformities. In advanced cases, respiratory muscles can also be affected. This may require respiratory support. Non-invasive ventilation devices or ventilators can support the patient's breathing. It can make daily life difficult for patients and lead to psychological effects. Psychological support can help improve patients' quality of life. In addition, psychotherapy and support groups can help patients cope with this difficult process.
Assistive devices such as walkers and wheelchairs can be used for patients who have difficulty walking. These devices can increase the patients' mobility and improve their quality of life. It is important for patients to have a healthy diet. Nutrition can help prevent muscle weakness and improve their overall health. Muscular dystrophy Treatment should be personalized. It usually requires a multidisciplinary approach. Early diagnosis and treatment can slow the progression of the disease and improve quality of life.
